Saturday, November 10, 2012

Ocean Acidification and Possible Effects on Trophic Levels and Food Webs





                Ocean acidification is a huge climatic disaster that is ongoing due to high levels of CO2 in the atmosphere that then is absorbed into the ocean and reducing pH levels of the ocean water, home to millions of marine organisms. This affects all life within the water, changing their way of living by forcing them to adapt to new living conditions, or to move to better, more suitable living conditions.

 
  
              Marine food webs are changed greatly when organisms leave their habitats, traveling possibly hundreds of miles away to new locations, and creating or finding a new habitat that they find suitable to survive in, or becoming extinct due to the inability to survive with the current living conditions. This would mean that the other organisms in their ‘old’ food web, too, would have to adapt to the less variety of foods available for their taking, making it difficult for them to survive without adapting to the change. Also, they would be forced to adapt to the lack of nutrients found within that organism that is no longer within their locations.

                One example of an energy pyramid is the phytoplankton and seaweed, the producers/autotrophs of the energy pyramid. The primary consumers or the organisms that consume the phytoplankton and seaweed for their energy are the zooplankton and the cockles. The organisms that consume these organisms, then, are the juvenile stage of fish/jellyfish, small fish, crustaceans, and sea stars. The fourth level of this energy pyramid of organisms is the second level of carnivorous consumers, larger fish who consume the smaller fish and sea stars. Squid would then consume the large fish, and albatross, dolphins, and sharks are at the top of the pyramid, consuming the squids from the lower level. If ocean acidification affected the water enough to require any of these organisms to adapt, or to need to relocate and find a new habitat, then all the levels would be affected because of this. If there were no levels of sea life after the autotrophs, then there would be an abundant amount of them, and they would fight for places and resources to produce with. And, if a middle level was to be removed, the levels above would be forced to relocate to a location that has organisms remaining that they are adapted to eating, or would have to change their diet and readapt themselves to eating the lower level organisms.

Coral reefs are living organisms that provide shelter to fish in the sea. They are homes to thousands of different fish types, and are deeply affected by ocean acidification. They are found to be one of the most important ecosystems on the Earth. So what would happen if they were to be killed due to the high amounts of changes in the pH levels of the ocean water? They could become an unsuitable habitat for the fish that take shelter, possibly causing these fish to go extinct. Or even the coral reefs themselves, going extinct as well. These coral reef habitats are critical to many species of fishes’ lives. Researchers find ocean acidification to be a big factor in the degradation and collapse of many of these ecosystems and habitats all over the world.

Ocean acidification is a real problem, affecting marine ecosystems and marine food webs all around the world. It can completely change an ecosystem and food web, or more drastically, over time, destroy it. Many species of organisms could go extinct and could change the living styles of many other organisms.

Resources and Citations


"Altered Food Webs." Centerforoceansolutions.org. Center for Ocean Solutions, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2012. http://centerforoceansolutions.org/climate/impacts/cumulative-impacts/altered-food-webs/ .

Moyer, Ryan P. "Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Growth: Historical Perspectives from Core-Based Studies." Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Growth: Historical Perspectives from Core-Based Studies. USGS Science for a Changing World, Nov. 2009. Web. 10 Nov. 2012. http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2009/11/ .

"Ocean Acidification." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Sept. 2012. Web. 10 Nov. 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_acidification .

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